{"id":2374,"date":"2025-09-26T13:41:03","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T06:41:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/?p=2374"},"modified":"2025-09-26T13:41:03","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T06:41:03","slug":"the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/","title":{"rendered":"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"item authors\">\n<ul class=\"authors\">\n<li><span class=\"name\">SW Meiliana <\/span><span class=\"affiliation\">Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"name\">H Syahab <\/span><span class=\"affiliation\">Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"name\">AI Wulandari <\/span><span class=\"affiliation\">Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"name\">IKAP Utama <\/span><span class=\"affiliation\">Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"item doi\">\n<h2 class=\"label\">DOI:<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"value\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12962\/j27745449.v5i3.1426\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12962\/j27745449.v5i3.1426<\/a><\/span><\/section>\n<section class=\"item keywords\">\n<h2 class=\"label\">Keywords:<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"value\">Carbon Emission, Container Ship, EEDI, Fuel Cost, Slow Steaming<\/span><\/section>\n<section class=\"item abstract\">\n<h2 class=\"label\">Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>The practice of slow steaming in maritime transport, initially introduced in the 1970s during the first oil crisis, has evolved into a strategy offering both cost reduction and environmental benefits. The overall combined costs for carriers and shippers experienced significant reductions with slow steaming, with extra slow steaming yielding even greater cost savings. While slow steaming is not the sole method to reduce fuel consumption and emissions, it proves to be the most efficient in terms of time and cost. Shipping operators globally recognize its advantages, as it aligns with environmental sustainability efforts by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This study carried out a comprehensive exploration of the effects of slow steaming on container ships, focusing specifically on the Surabaya-Makassar route. The research aims to learn how much the impact of slow steaming on the ship operation. This study analyzes the impact of slow steaming on container ships in terms of fuel consumption and carbon emissions on the Surabaya-Makassar route. The lowest speed is 5 knots, and the highest speed is 11 knots. At a speed of 5 knots, fuel consumption decreases by 5% compared to the ship&#8217;s speed at 11 knots. The same applies to the reduction in carbon emissions.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/journal.its.ac.id\/index.php\/jmest\/article\/view\/1426\">https:\/\/journal.its.ac.id\/index.php\/jmest\/article\/view\/1426<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SW Meiliana Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia H Syahab Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia AI Wulandari Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia IKAP Utama Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12962\/j27745449.v5i3.1426 Keywords: Carbon Emission, Container Ship, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":250,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[242],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jmest-journal"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE - IJC ( ITS Journal Center )<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE - IJC ( ITS Journal Center )\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SW Meiliana Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia H Syahab Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia AI Wulandari Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia IKAP Utama Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12962\/j27745449.v5i3.1426 Keywords: Carbon Emission, Container Ship, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IJC ( ITS Journal Center )\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-09-26T06:41:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"itspublikasi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"itspublikasi\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"itspublikasi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/cba0179fe82f2c584109af8e270dbfc7\"},\"headline\":\"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-09-26T06:41:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/\"},\"wordCount\":292,\"commentCount\":0,\"articleSection\":[\"jmest journal\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/\",\"name\":\"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE - IJC ( ITS Journal Center )\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-09-26T06:41:03+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/cba0179fe82f2c584109af8e270dbfc7\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/\",\"name\":\"IJC ( ITS Journal Center )\",\"description\":\"Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/cba0179fe82f2c584109af8e270dbfc7\",\"name\":\"itspublikasi\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1c672fdec2c22686bbf54db48608a7cbb61f01783efa5776676dd183144eeffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1c672fdec2c22686bbf54db48608a7cbb61f01783efa5776676dd183144eeffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"itspublikasi\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/author\/itspublikasi\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE - IJC ( ITS Journal Center )","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE - IJC ( ITS Journal Center )","og_description":"SW Meiliana Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia H Syahab Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia AI Wulandari Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia IKAP Utama Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12962\/j27745449.v5i3.1426 Keywords: Carbon Emission, Container Ship, [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/","og_site_name":"IJC ( ITS Journal Center )","article_published_time":"2025-09-26T06:41:03+00:00","author":"itspublikasi","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"itspublikasi"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/"},"author":{"name":"itspublikasi","@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/cba0179fe82f2c584109af8e270dbfc7"},"headline":"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE","datePublished":"2025-09-26T06:41:03+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/"},"wordCount":292,"commentCount":0,"articleSection":["jmest journal"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/","url":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/","name":"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE - IJC ( ITS Journal Center )","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-09-26T06:41:03+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/cba0179fe82f2c584109af8e270dbfc7"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/en\/2025\/09\/26\/the-influence-of-slow-steaming-on-fuel-usage-and-carbon-emissions-of-container-ships-a-case-study-of-the-surabaya-makassar-route-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"THE INFLUENCE OF SLOW STEAMING ON FUEL USAGE AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF CONTAINER SHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SURABAYA-MAKASSAR ROUTE"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/","name":"IJC ( ITS Journal Center )","description":"Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/cba0179fe82f2c584109af8e270dbfc7","name":"itspublikasi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1c672fdec2c22686bbf54db48608a7cbb61f01783efa5776676dd183144eeffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1c672fdec2c22686bbf54db48608a7cbb61f01783efa5776676dd183144eeffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"itspublikasi"},"url":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/author\/itspublikasi\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/250"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2374"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2376,"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2374\/revisions\/2376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.its.ac.id\/publikasi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}